Problem
From Frostpunk 2 Wiki and Guides
Problems in the city include 5 negative effects:
Cold - insufficient 
Heat or 
Shelter
Hunger - insufficient 
Food
Squalor - grime and ill-maintenance produced by insufficient 
Materials, Machinist buildings, or adjacency maluses between certain districts
- Squalor can be dealt with by filtration buildings.
Disease - produced by Forager buildings
- Diseasecan be dealt with by the Hospital building or certain council laws, such as Quarantine and Funerals.
Crime - insufficient 
Goods
- Crime can be dealt with by the Watchtower building.
They can reduce the available 
Workforce, slow Population growth, or increase city 
Tension.
They start at the 'absent' state. They can be classed as stable, diminishing, or presumably increasing. If any of the levels reaches "Catastrophic" a special event will be triggered to provide a drastic solution towards the problem.